SHRIMP FARM EFFLUENT TO COASTAL MICROBIOMES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR WATER QUALITY AND PATHOGEN PROLIFERATION
Authors
Ni Kadek Martha Ayu Saraswati , Jasmine Masyitha Amelia , Anak Agung Ayu Agung Widhyani , Meutia Samira Ismet , Ketut Mahardika , Gede Iwan SetiabudiDOI:
10.29303/jp.v16i4.2421Published:
2026-08-18Issue:
Vol. 16 No. 4 (2026): JURNAL PERIKANANKeywords:
ecosystem health, indicator bacteria, shrimp aquaculture, vibrio spp, water qualityArticles
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Abstract
Shrimp aquaculture faces significant challenges from disease outbreaks and environmental degradation caused by cultivation waste. This study aims to characterize the indicator bacteria communities in the coastal areas surrounding shrimp farms and to evaluate their correlation with water quality parameters as a tool for monitoring ecosystem health. This research employed a descriptive-observational approach and conventional cultivation on selective media, including Thiosulfate-Citrate-Bile Salts-Sucrose (TCBS) Agar and Pseudomonas Isolation Agar, to quantify the abundance of Vibrio spp. and Pseudomonas spp., respectively, alongside Marine Agar. Measurements of water quality parameters such as temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), nitrate, nitrite, and ammonia were also integrated for correlation analysis. The analysis revealed that aquaculture effluent significantly increased the abundance of total heterotrophic bacteria and Vibrio spp. in the coastal waters receiving farm waste. The abundance of Vibrio was positively correlated with temperature and pH, and negatively correlated with dissolved oxygen. Bacterial communities, including Vibrionaceae and Pseudomonadaceae, were identified as core components of the microbiome in waters exposed to anthropogenic waste. Fluctuations in environmental parameters trigger shifts in these bacterial communities, elevating the risk of pathogen and toxin presence. These findings underscore the importance of monitoring indicator bacteria for sustainable farm management, mitigating disease risks, and ensuring the suitability of coastal waters as a viable medium for aquaculture.
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