EFFECTS OF MAGGOT MEAL AND GONGGONG SHELL MEAL ON MOLTING AND GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF MUD CRAB (Scylla serrata)
Authors
Daniel Sinaga , Jannesa Nasmi , Benny ManullangDOI:
10.29303/jp.v15i6.1989Published:
2026-01-05Issue:
Vol. 15 No. 6 (2025): JURNAL PERIKANANKeywords:
Growth, Maggot meal, Mud crab, Gonggong shell mealArticles
Downloads
How to Cite
Downloads
Abstract
Feed efficiency and mineral adequacy to support molting and growth are major challenges in the cultivation of mud crab (Scylla serrata). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementing maggot meal (Hermetia illucens) and gonggong shell meal in feed formulations on molting frequency, growth performance, and survival rate of mud crabs. The experiment was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of three treatments: A (control—trash fish), B (feed + 5% maggot meal + 1% gonggong shell meal), and C (feed + 10% maggot meal + 3% gonggong shell meal), each with five replications. The crabs were reared for 30 days and fed daily at 5% of the total biomass. Parameters observed included absolute weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), molting frequency, survival rate, proximate composition of the feed, and water quality. The results showed that treatment C produced the highest growth performance (absolute weight gain of 39.00 g; SGR 1.30%/day) compared to treatment B (18.00 g; 0.60%/day) and A (6.60 g; 0.22%/day). Proximate analysis indicated an increase in protein (36.42%) and ash content (12.35%) in the formulation containing gonggong shell meal. The survival rate remained high across treatments (A = 100%, B = 87%, C = 93%), while no individuals underwent molting during the study period. In conclusion, the supplementation of 10% maggot meal and 3% gonggong shell meal effectively improved the growth performance of S. serrata but was not sufficient to stimulate molting.
References
Alfitri, R. (2020). Pengaruh Penggunaan Tepung Gonggong (Strombus canarium) dalam Pakan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ikan Kerapu. Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis, 12(3), 561–570.
Arifin, Z., Putra, R. D., & Yusuf, M. (2022). Pemanfaatan Cangkang Moluska Sebagai Sumber Kalsium Untuk Peningkatan Kualitas Eksoskeleton Kepiting Bakau (Scylla serrata). Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan dan Perikanan Tropis, 14(1), 35–42.
Barragan-Fonseca, K. B., Dicke, M., & van Loon, J. J. A. (2017). Nutritional Value Of The Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens L.) and Its Suitability as Animal Feed – A Review. Journal of Insects as Food and Feed, 3(2), 105–120.
Baylon, J. C. (2010). Effects of Temperature on The Survival and Development of Larvae and Juveniles of The Mud Crab Scylla serrata (Forskål). Aquaculture Research, 41(10), e171–e180.
Baylon, J. C. (2017). Effect of Stocking Density on Survival and Growth of Mud Crab (Scylla serrata) Juveniles. Aquaculture International, 25(6), 2103–2116.
Boyd, C. E. (2015). Water Quality: An Introduction. Springer, New York.
Boyd, C. E., & Tucker, C. S. (1998). Pond Aquaculture Water Quality Management. Springer.
Catacutan, M. R. (2002). Growth and Body Composition of Juvenile Mud Crab Scylla serrata Fed Different Dietary Protein and Lipid Levels and Protein to Energy Ratios. Aquaculture, 208(1–2), 113–123.
Chand, B. K., Trivedi, R. K., Biswas, P., Dubey, S. K., & Beg, M. M. (2015). Effect of Water Quality Management on Survival and Growth of Mud Crab (Scylla serrata) in Pond Culture. Journal of Applied Aquaculture, 27(1), 1–13.
Chang, E. S., & Mykles, D. L. (2011). Regulation of Crustacean Molting: A Review and Our Perspectives. General and Comparative Endocrinology, 172(3), 323–330.
Christianus, A.(2019). Nutritional Requirements and Feeding Practices for Mud Crab (Scylla spp.) Culture: A Review. Aquaculture Reports, 15, 100223.
Das, S. K. (2016). Dietary Calcium and Phosphorus Requirement in Crustaceans: A Review. Aquaculture Research, 47(11), 3657–3671.
Diener, S., Zurbrugg, C., & Tockner, K. (2015). Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals in The Black Soldier Fly, Hermetia illucens, and Effects on its Life Cycle. J Insects Food Feed. 1(4), 261–70.
Effendi, I., Hidayat, T., & Pratama, D. (2022). Combination of Protein and Mineral Sources Improves Growth and Shell Hardness in Mud Crab (Scylla spp.). Aquaculture Research, 53(11), 3891–3902.
Fotedar, R., Evans, L., & Jones, B. (2010). Effect of Aeration and Water Quality on Growth and Survival of Mud Crab (Scylla serrata) in Culture. Aquaculture International, 18(5), 1051–1063.
Gong, H., Lawrence, A. L., Castille, F. L., & Vega, A. M. (2017). Dietary Calcium Level Affects Shell Quality of Post-Molt Blue Crab Callinectes sapidus. J Shellfish Res. 36(1), 11–8.
Henry, M., Gasco, L., Piccolo, G., & Fountoulaki, E. (2015). Review on The Use of Insects in The Diet of Farmed Fish: Past and Future. Anim Feed Sci Technol, 20(3), 1–22.
Hill, B. J. (1979). Aspects of The Biology of The Mud Crab Scylla serrata (Forskål) in Moreton Bay. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 30(4), 545–566.
Laining, A., & Tambunan, S. (2020). Kebutuhan Karbohidrat dan Energi pada Pakan Kepiting Bakau Muda (Scylla serrata). Jurnal Akuakultur Tropis, 8(3), 188–196.
Linder, M., Belghit, I., Pelster, B., & Lock, E. J. (2020). Nutritional Value of Black Soldier Fly Larvae Meal (Hermetia illucens) in Aquafeeds: A Review. Aquac Nutr, 26(4), 1105–1109.
Makkar, H. P. S., Tran, G., Heuzé, V., & Ankers, P. (2014). State-of-The-Art on Use of Insects as Animal Feed. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 19(7), 1–33.
Nurdiani, R., Rukminasari, N., & Gunanti, A. (2016). Nutritional Composition of Formulated Diet and its Effect on Molting and Growth of Mud Crab (Scylla serrata). Aquac Stud, 16(2), 47–54.
Nuryati, S., Purnamasari, L., & Ismiyati, R. (2021). Pemanfaatan Limbah Cangkang Keong Gonggong (Strombus sp.) Sebagai Sumber Kalsium Pakan Ikan. J Akuakultur Indones. 20(1), 74–81.
Patria, M. P., Surawidjaja, E. H., & Affandi, R. (2020). Performance of Mud Crab (Scylla serrata) Fed with Diet Containing Trash Fish and Artificial Feed. J Ilmu Teknol Kelaut Trop, 12(2), 525–32.
Purnamasari, Rahmawati, D., & Supono, S. (2021). Rasio Protein-Energi Optimal dalam Pakan Buatan Kepiting Bakau Scylla serrata. Jurnal Sumberdaya Akuatik Indopasifik, 5(1), 1–9.
Rachmawati, D., Kurniasih, T., & Putra, A. N. (2021). Substitusi Tepung Ikan dengan Tepung Cangkang Kerang Sebagai Sumber Kalsium dalam Pakan Kepiting Bakau (Scylla serrata). Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis, 13(1), 45–54.
Romano, N.(2017). The Role of Dietary Minerals in Crustacean Moulting and Exoskeletal Formation. Reviews in Aquaculture, 9(2), 1–23.
Spranghers, T. (2018). Calcium and Phosphorus Balance in Black Soldier Fly Larvae Reared on Different Substrates. Waste Management, 77, 132–139.
Suprayudi, Satria, A., & Siregar, A. (2020). Pengaruh Rasio Protein-Energi Terhadap Pertumbuhan Kepiting Bakau (Scylla serrata). Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia, 19(2), 101–109.
Suryaningrum, T. D.(2021). Peran Lemak dalam Pakan Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Efisiensi Metabolisme Energi pada Krustasea. Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis, 13(3), 545–553.
Suryati, E., & Pratiwi, M. (2022). Peranan Mineral Ca dan Mg Terhadap Proses Molting pada Krustasea. Jurnal Bioteknologi Perairan Indonesia, 11(2), 75–84.
Trino, A. T., Rodriguez, E. M., & Millamena, O. M. (2001). Cage Culture of Mud Crab Scylla serrata in Tidal Flats Reforested with Mangrove Trees. Aquaculture, 211(1–4), 125–34.
Trino, A. T., & Millamena, O. M. (1999). Effects of Diet on Growth and Fatty Acid Composition of Scylla Serrata Juveniles. Aquaculture, 180(3–4), 271–281.
Trino, A. T., Millamena, O. M., & Keenan, C. (2022). Growth Response and Feed Utilization of Mud Crab (Scylla serrata) Fed with Animal Protein-Based Diets. Aquaculture Nutrition, 28(3), 1225–1234.
Wahyudi, H. (2021). Influence of Environmental Parameters on Survival Rate and Molting Frequency of Mud Crab (Scylla serrata) Juveniles. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research, 47(4), 319–326.
