ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF pH FLUCTUATIONS ON THE PATHOLOGICAL CONDITION OF THE HEPATOPANCREAS IN WHITELEG SHRIMP (Litopenaeus vannamei)
Authors
Budi Rianto Wahidi , Anja Asmarany , Diah Putri AntikaDOI:
10.29303/jp.v15i6.1971Published:
2025-12-22Issue:
Vol. 15 No. 6 (2025): JURNAL PERIKANANKeywords:
pH Fluctuation, Hepatopancreas, Litopenaeus vannameiArticles
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Abstract
Whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) aquaculture faces serious challenges from disease, often triggered by environmental stressors. This research aims to analyze the correlation between weekly water pH variations and qualitative histopathological damage in the shrimp hepatopancreas. Sampling and pH measurements were conducted weekly in an intensive pond from 20 to 41 days of culture (DOC). Data analysis was performed descriptively by comparing pH values with the results of hepatopancreas wet mount observations. The results showed extreme pH fluctuations of up to 0.7 and a lowest pH value of 7.4, which is outside the ideal range for aquaculture. This condition created environmental stress that triggered detrimental physiological effects, including a decrease in immune activity. Shrimp at DOC 41 showed significant hepatopancreas damage in the form of tissue necrosis, tubule atrophy, and cellular disorganization. This damage was exacerbated by the finding of Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) spores and a strong suspicion of Vibrio spp. infection. The extreme pH fluctuations acted as a triggering factor that weakened the shrimp's immune system, allowing opportunistic pathogens to thrive. The resulting hepatopancreas damage can threaten feed efficiency and the sustainability of aquaculture.
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